Forged blanks
For the production of metal products by processing on turning and milling machines, intermediate blanks are used. These are forged metal products of round or rectangular shape. However, the shape of the forgings is determined by the drawing and may include holes.
At large metallurgical enterprises, forging hammers and forging hydraulic presses are used in the production of forgings.
Hammers are dynamic impact machines. The workpiece is formed due to the energy of the falling parts of the hammer. Therefore, when choosing a hammer, they are guided by the mass of their falling parts. In the production of forgings with hammers, it is especially important for the maintenance personnel to use personal hearing protection. Hydraulic presses are static machines, the duration of deformation on them can be from a few to tens of seconds. Hydraulic presses are used to manufacture large forgings mainly from ingots.
Types of machine-building forgings
Possible forms of forgings are shown in the figure:
But usually forgings are made with simple, outlined cylindrical surfaces and planes. For automated and mechanical forging, forgings of conical and wedge shapes, ribbed sections, bosses, protrusions, etc. are less often made.
In places of complex configuration, it is necessary to leave allowances and laps in order to simplify the configuration of the forging.
Blanks from forgings are made from different types of steel, including alloyed ones. The choice of steel grade depends on the purpose of the future part, the method of manufacture and machining, and the dimensions of the product.
Used steel grades for the production of forgings
Suitable steel is taken for the production of forgings. For example, for the manufacture of wear-resistant parts, steels 40X and 20X are needed.
- If the product will not be heat treated, 45 steel can be used.
- If the part requires high resistance to mechanical stress and corrosion, then metal 09G2S is taken for the workpiece.
- For the production of parts with increased wear resistance, operating without shock loads, such as shafts and rolls, bearings, 65G steel is used.
The advantages of using blanks in metalworking
The use of blanks increases the economic efficiency of the enterprise due to:
- minimization of expensive metal waste;
- reducing metalworking time;
- reducing the number of machines and personnel.
