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Pipeline check valve: purpose, types of devices and principle of operation

Сантехника

In general terms, a pipeline check valve consists of a reliable body, in the inner part of which there is a special disk or spherical shut-off element.

Pipeline check valve: purpose, types of devices and principle of operation

Ensuring the normal functioning of the pumping system for liquid and gaseous media is an important task facing engineering departments in various fields of industry, as well as economic activity. To solve this problem, various devices are used, among which the most popular is the pipeline check valve. It is a type of special pipeline fittings and prevents the substance from moving backwards. Such a device has the following fundamental functions:

  • Protecting all kinds of expensive equipment from damage (pumps, instrumentation).
  • Reducing losses due to pipe rupture
  • Reducing energy costs by ensuring stable operation of the network.

Such devices are often in demand in the oil refining industry and at gas distribution stations. They are used in sewerage and heating networks. They are needed in the pipelines of the chemical industry, heat power engineering, etc.

Design features

In general terms, a pipeline check valve consists of a reliable housing, in the inner part of which there is a special disk or spherical closing element. If the flow of the medium moves in the correct direction, then this part remains open and the liquid or gas moves freely. If a situation arises when the direction of movement changes for any reason, the channel is automatically closed, and when the pressure increases, it is completely sealed. After the accident has been eliminated, the mechanism operates in the desired mode again.

Variety of fittings

Pipeline check valves are available in several modifications based on the principle of operation of the shut-off device. According to this criterion, all products are divided into the following types:

  • Ball. The spherical body acts as a shut-off component, which regulates the flow. A characteristic feature of the product is considered to be low hydraulic resistance.
  • Disk. Equipped with a specialized plate that moves in a vertical position under the influence of the working environment.
  • Rotatable. They are distinguished by the presence of a rotating disk.
  • Spring. They are characterized by the presence of an elastic element, which guarantees operation of the shutter in the event of reverse movement of the substance.

Products in this category also differ in the method of installation. There are flanged, coupling, fitting and welded metal products. The selection of installation option directly depends on the throughput of the line, the maximum permissible pressure and a number of other parameters.

During the installation work, several sequential operations are required:

  • turn off the liquid supply or gas;
  • prepare the device in accordance with regulated requirements;
  • perform installation according to the manufacturer’s instructions;
  • carry out all necessary acceptance tests.
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    It is important to note that pipeline check valve is the most critical component and the state of the entire system largely depends on its performance.

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