Knife gate valves are widely used in industry and utilities due to their simple design and high efficiency when working with complex environments. Already in the first approximation to the topic, it becomes clear why knife gate valves are in demand where classical shut-off valves quickly fail: they are designed to block flows with a high content of solid inclusions, fibers, sludge and viscous substances. They are used in wastewater disposal systems, pulp and paper industry, mining sector, food production and sewage treatment plants.
Structurally, such valves are distinguished by the presence of a flat knife (gate), which moves perpendicular to the flow of the working medium. This ensures a "clean" cut and reliable overlap, even if contamination or precipitation is present in the pipeline. The simplicity of the mechanism has a positive effect on service life and facilitates maintenance.
The design and principle of operation of knife gate valves
The main elements of the knife gate valve are the body, the slide knife, the seals and the actuator. The body is usually made of cast iron, steel or stainless alloys — the choice of material depends on the aggressiveness of the environment and operating conditions. The knife is made in the form of a flat metal plate with a pointed edge, which allows it to effectively cut dense and heterogeneous masses.
The drive can be manual, pneumatic, electric or hydraulic. When the drive is activated, the knife is lowered or raised, blocking the flow. The seals ensure tightness in the closed position, which is especially important when working with liquids and pulps under pressure. Due to this principle of operation, knife valves are resistant to clogging and remain functional even during intensive operation.
Application areas and advantages
Knife gate valves are valued for their versatility and ability to work where other types of fittings are ineffective. They are used both in new engineering systems and in the modernization of existing pipelines.
The key advantages include:
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The ability to block media with solid inclusions and high viscosity;
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Compact design and small building size;
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Easy maintenance and replacement of seals;
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A wide range of drive types for different tasks;
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Reliable operation in difficult industrial conditions.
Due to these characteristics, knife gate valves become the optimal solution for enterprises that require stable and predictable flow control of non-standard media.
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