The construction of prefabricated buildings consists of 3 stages: designing, manufacturing a steel frame, installation. The design of metal structures (MK) is the initial and most important stage, the quality of which determines the characteristics of the future structure. Its correct execution is available only to specialists with extensive experience and a solid store of knowledge: they will have to analyze a large amount of data, carry out complex calculations, draw up graphs and diagrams. Any miscalculation or the slightest mistake is fraught with the appearance of serious defects in metal structures with an inevitable reduction in their service life. That is why design work should be entrusted to professionals: there are design bureaus in large-scale production facilities for the manufacture of MK, whose employees deal with similar tasks every day. In the arsenal of such departments there are a lot of standard projects (warehouses, hangars, shopping centers), but designers can also fulfill an individual order in the shortest possible time.
Design stages
Schemes and calculations are developed in a strictly defined sequence and consists of the following stages:
- carry out a market analysis and give an expert assessment with professional recommendations;
- depending on the size and characteristics of the construction site, they select the parameters of the future building;
- based on the purpose of the building and the technical requirements for it, they choose the optimal design solution;
- draw up the terms of reference in accordance with the wishes of the client;
- develop a sketch of the object using 3D -models;
- prepare primary KM drawings and, based on them, develop a KMD package (detailed information about each element);
- coordinate the documentation with the customer, draw up an expert opinion, which indicates the construction time and prices.
When using a standard project, its characteristics are adjusted based on the wishes of the client and the specifics of the construction conditions.
Composition of a standard project
For the correct implementation of developments at each stage, the documentation package must have a complete set of information about the object. The standard package consists of the following sections:
- Text part. It contains the initial data of the object, the materials used, the list of element connections, explanations for the manufacture of products, instructions for installation and welding, information on the procedure for performing anti-corrosion measures, transportation and storage, safety requirements.
- The graphic part . It consists of drawings, it contains plans and facades of the structure, calculation of metal (and if any, then reinforced concrete) structures, interface elements, data on loads on the base.
- Information about the specification of rolled metal and records with calculations.
A passport is attached to the package, which indicates the main parameters, the number of sheets, as well as the amount of work performed, including an estimate for services.
Factors affecting the cost
The main criterion that determines the amount of the estimate is the choice of a standard or individual project. Also, the final cost of work will be affected by the size of the object and its type (hangar, temporary housing, warehouse), the urgency of order fulfillment, the presence of difficult conditions at the construction site (seismicity, uneven terrain, proximity to a reservoir), and additional adjustments. Order design of metal structures is most profitable at the MK production plant - here the lowest prices, guaranteed quality, the opportunity to get a discount for a complex order (with manufacturing and installation).
